Tokyo,
\nTrying to shed those extra kilos? Chewing slowly and refraining from eating for two hours before bedtime may help, scientists say.<\/p>\n
Changes in eating habits were strongly associated with lower obesity and weight (BMI), and smaller waist circumference, according to researchers from Kyushu University in Japan.<\/p>\n
The findings are based on health insurance data for nearly 60,000 people with diabetes in Japan who submitted claims and had regular health check-ups between 2008 and 2013.<\/p>\n
The data included information on the dates of consultations and treatments, while the check-ups included measurements of weight (BMI) and waist circumference, and the results of tests for blood chemistry, urine, and liver function.<\/p>\n
During the check-ups, participants were quizzed about their lifestyle, including their eating and sleep habits as well as alcohol and tobacco use.<\/p>\n
They were specifically asked about their eating speed, which was categorised as fast, normal or slow.<\/p>\n
They were asked whether they did any of the following three or more times a week: eat dinner within two hours of going to sleep; snack after dinner; and skip breakfast.<\/p>\n
More than a third (36.5 per cent) of participants had one check-up over the six years, while just under a third (29.5 per cent) had two. One in five (20 per cent) had three.<\/p>\n
At the start of the study, some 22,070 people routinely wolfed down their food; 33,455 ate at a normal speed; and 4,192 lingered over every mouthful.<\/p>\n
The slow-eaters tended to be healthier and to have a healthier lifestyle than either the fast or normal speed eaters.<\/p>\n
Around half of the total sample changed their eating speed over the course of the six years.<\/p>\n
All the aspects of eating and sleeping habits studied, as well as alcohol consumption and previous obesity–defined as a BMI of 25 kilograms per square metres were significantly associated with obesity.<\/p>\n
After taking account of potentially influential factors, the results showed that compared with those who tended to gobble up their food, those who ate at a normal speed were 29 per cent less likely to be obese, rising to 42 per cent for those who ate slowly.<\/p>\n
Although absolute reductions in waist circumference–an indicator of a potentially harmful midriff bulge–were small, they were greater among the slow and normal speed eaters.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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