US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo left Thailand on Saturday with his hopes for resuming nuclear talks with North Korea dashed, while facing an escalating trade war with China and a potentially devastating breakdown in relations between key American allies Japan and South Korea.

After three days in Bangkok that the Trump administration had expected could herald an end to the impasse in North Korea negotiations, Pompeo instead departed without progress on that front as Pyongyang continued to launch ballistic missiles, heightening unease over prospects for a denuclearization deal.

Pompeo expressed disappointment that the North had sent neither its foreign minister nor a counterpart for the chief US negotiator to the Thai capital.Yet despite what he and other US officials say are ongoing lower-level contacts with Pyongyang, there is no date or venue set for a resumption in negotiations more than a month after President Donald Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jung Un met at the de-militarized zone separating the two Koreas.

Four senior US officials accompanying Pompeo to the annual Association of Southeast Asian Nations regional security forum said North Korea’s decision not to attend the conference, which has in the past served as venue for high-level engagement between the two countries, had been a surprise to both the Thai hosts and the other participants.

One of those officials said the North’s absence was mentioned by every delegation that Pompeo and top U.S. envoy Stephen Biegun met with in Bangkok.“Unfortunately, the North Koreans missed this opportunity,” said the official, who like the others was not authorized to discuss the closed-door discussions publicly and spoke on condition of anonymity.

The official added that the North’s absence “probably hurts their own interests” and that its failure thus far to agree to a new round of negotiations “is not a positive or constructive response by them.” The official said that assessment was widely shared by US partners and that the missile tests may have had the unintended consequence of galvanizing sentiment against the North.

Any convergence of opinion on the North may be one of the few positives to emerge on what had been a full and ambitious agenda for Pompeo in Bangkok.As he arrived on Wednesday, trade talks between the US and China concluded without result in Shanghai, and Trump then announced new tariffs on Chinese imports in a move that angered Beijing shortly after Pompeo met with China’s foreign minister.

Then on Friday, Japan downgraded South Korea’s trade status, prompting a stern response from the South and escalatory steps by both sides that could jeopardise US interests in both allied countries and more broadly in the Asia-Pacific.